Internal-combustion engine.



0. E. BARTHEL. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION man ocT. l?.1914,

Patented Dec. 81, 1918 4 SHEEr'S-SHEET l.

Fig, z

QUI... L

" I an Lum/1to1;

@w1/Memes @mM/aww QM @if O. E; BARTHEL. `IIIITIERNAL CoMBusTloN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I7. 1914. Y

Patented Deo. 31, V1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 fille MA lill/4 i m z mm@ im www o. E. 8111111151. YINTERNAL COMBUSTION EINQINE. I APPLICATIQN FILED OCT. I?, l9l4.1,2891606 Patented De@ 31,1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Cil/@imam o. E. BAR-THEN, INTERNM COMBUSTION ENGINE. APFLlCATION FILEDOCT. I7, i914.

OLITER E. BARTHEL, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented nec. ei, reis.

Application inea october i?, i914. semaine. 867,074.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, Onrvnn E. BARTHEL, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Detroit, in thecounty of Wayne and State ofMichigan, have invented certain newv and useful Improvements innternal-Combustion Engines, of lwhich the following is avspecification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines,ject is, in an engine having a mechanically operated overhead valve toprovide an arrangement of operating mechanism for the valve -which willafford ellcient lubrication of the parts and prevent noise of operation.

i A further object of the invention is to provide an arrangement ofinlet passages which will effect an even distribution of combusin theappended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings inwhich-d Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine embodying theinvention, and showing parts broken away to disclose'the internalconstruction Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the upper end of the cylinders,the head therefor and the cam shaft? chamber, lWith parts broken awayand in section to disclose the internal construction;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of Fig. 3 with parts broken away and in section todisclose the internal construction; 4

Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the head and cam chamber substantiallyupon the line V-V of Figs. 7 and 4;

Fig. 6 is a like section upon line VI-VI of Figs. 4 and 7;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section through the head substantially on theli'ne VII- VII of Fig. 5; and l Fig. 8 is a sectional detail 'of aportion of a tappet. I

For convenience of illustration La four cylinder engine is shown in thedrawing,

but' it will be understood that engines havand its obthe engineindependently ing any desired number of cylinders may be constructedwith the invention embodied therein, and other changes in the form orarrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit ofthe invention. I do not, therefore, limit myself to the form orarrangement shown.

As shown in thedrawings, the cylinders 1v are cast integral with theupper half 2 of a crank case, said half of the crank case being providedwith suitable bearings 3 for a crank shaft 4. The lower half 5 of thecrank case is Aarrainged to be bolted to the flange on the upper half ofthe case and at its rear end is formed to engage a bearing member 6forming the lower half of the rear bearing for the crank shaft. rearend, the upper half 2 of the crank case is formed witha semi-circularseat or flange 7 around the bearing 3 for a fly wheel casing 8,- and thehalf bearing 6 is formed with a semi-circular flange 9 forming acontinuation of the seat 7 and to which the casing 8 is detachablysecured by meansI of bolts 10.

By forming the rear crank shaft bearing with a lower detachable halfwhich is separate from the lower half of the crank case, and providingthis half bearing with the flange 9, the fly wheel casing'is attached toof the lower half of the crank case and each may be detached Withoutremoving the other. Access may therefore be had to the crank shaft toadjust or renew the necting the fly wheel casing or. the usualtransmission casing which is attached thereto but not shown in thedrawings. With this construction it,v is not'neeessary to dismount thewhole engine in order to get at the crank shaft or the fly wheel and itsadjacent parts.

The upper end of the casting forming the several cylinders is facedoffto receive a head l1 which is faced to seat thereon and is boltedthereto in the usual manner.` This head is formed with seats over theupper end of-each cylinder for an inlet valve 12 and an' exhaust valve13. The casting forming the cylinder is formed intermediate the twopairs of `cylinders with a passage 14 opening through the side of thecasting, and o verthe open end of the passage, a pipe leading from acarbureter or' other source of combustible charges, not shown, isadapted to be secured. The upper-end oit' At its bearings kwithoutdisconformed in the lower part of the head.

lower guide shanks the passage opensthrough the top of the casting andinto the passage or chamber All of the inlet ports for the severalcylinders which are controlled by the valves 12, open into this passageorv chamber 15 and an exhaust passage 1G for the exhaust ports of thetwo adjacent center cylinders, extends upward through the chamber 15 atthe center thereof and opens through the side of the head intermediateits ends. The exhaust ports for the two end cylinders open into passages17 which alsol open through the side of the head so that an exhaustmanifold, not shown, may be secured to the side of the head to receivethe exhaust from the several exhaust passages.

As the inlet ports all open from a common inlet passage which issupplied with combustible vapor intermediate its ends from theearbureter, andas said chamber 15 surrounding the center exhaust passageforms an annular passage, the combustible fiuid circulates freely andcontinuously therein materially aiding its flow, its entrance into thecylinders and preventing partial condensation or variation in richnessof the charges, due in other forms of inlet passages or manifolds, tothe retardation or banking of the vapor in the ends of the passage andthe sudden changes in the direction of fiow. The chamber from which allof the inlets open also serves by reason of the volume of gas therein,to dissipate. the pulsations in the flow caused by the opening andclosing of the valves and gives a substantially constant suction in thecarbureter.

All of the space within the head not taken up by the inletand exhaustpassages is chambered to receive water, and these several water chambers1S are in comn'iunication with the water jacket of the cylinders asuitable pump 19 shown in Fig. 1 being provided to maintain acirculation of water through the cylinder jacket. chambers in the headand through a suitable cooler or radiator not shown. The explosivecharges in the several cylinders are ignited by means of spark plugs 20screwed into openings in the sides of the cylinders adjacent to the head11.

rlhe several inlet. and exhaust valves are provided with stems 21 whichextend vertically upward through suitable bearings in the head 11, andadjustably secured to the. upper ends of these. stems, are yokes 22, theof each of which are bored and internallyscrew threaded to receive thestems of the valves` and a lock uut 24 on each stem engages the lowerend of the. shank to lock the which il is adjusted in the bore. Theseshanks 23 ofthe several yokes, are guided in suitable guide bearings inthe bottom of a by the inertia of' stem in the-position to suitablecasing adapted to contain the several yokes, said casing beingpreferably of oval shape in cross section and formed in two parts, thelower half being preferably` cast integral with the head 11 andsupported by and spaced therefrom by means of brackets or webs 2G. Thetwo halves of the chamber or casing are fianged and bolted together andthe upper half is formed with suitable guide' bearings for the upperrounded ends or shanks Q7 ofjthe yokes.

The several inlet and exhast valves are operated in timed relation tothe movement of the pistons in the cylinders, by means of a cam shaft 28which is provided with cams 29, and is mounted in suitable bearings onthe lower half of the cam shaft casing or chamber. The yokes 22 span theshaft and are provided with suitable rolls 30 and 31 to engage the camswhich thus act to posi- 'tively move the yoke in both directions andopen and close the valves. Each of the rolls 31 is carried by a slidingmember 32 engaging a bore in the upperend of the yoke..

and a spring 33 interposed between the sliding member and the inner endof the bore normally holds the roll 31 in contact Wit-h the cani 29which is formed with a separate cam surface for each roll of each pair.To prevent the member 32 from turning Within its bore, it is providedwith a pin 34 engaging a slot 35.

The cam shaft 28 is tion to the rotation of the crank shaft of theengine, by means of a shaft 36 and gears 37 indicated in dotted lines inFig. Q for transmitting motion from the crank shaft to said shaft 36,similar gears 38 being provided at the upper end of the shaft 3G totransmit motion therefrom to the cam shaft, these. last named gea-rsbeing contained within the ends of the casing for the cam shaft.

This cam shaft easing or chamber is adapted to contain oil which issupplied thereto from a pump 39 shown in Fig. 1 and located in thebottomof the engine crank case. From-the pump, oil is con` ducted by apipe 40 to the cam shaft chamber. and this pump also supplies oil to theother parts of the engine, such as the cups 41 into which the cranksdip, a pipe 42 con necting the pumpwith these cups. From the cam shaftchamber the oil overfiows through pipes 43 into the upper part'Y of thecrank case, and thus maintained at all times in the cam 'shaft chambertothoroughly lubricate the cams and rolls,. and also to deaden the noiseof contact of the cams with the rolls.

A suitable packing 44, shown in Figs. 3 and 5, is provided for each ofthe. shanksl rotatedin timed relaa level of oil isk 23 of the yoke toprevent leakage of oil from tiuning within the casing. Each yoke is thusaccurately guided in its up and down movement and is held in perfectalinement with the stem of the valve by the guide bearings in the upperand lower parts of the cam shaft casing.

By spacing the cam shaft casing from the head 11, the valve stems aremade accessible for adjustment and are cooled by exposure to the air,and the cam shaft islocated within a chamber by itself where it will notbe affected by heat from the cylinders. W'ear and consequent noise isthereby prevented, and an accurate opening and closing of each valve isinsured by the yoke upon which the cam operates.

Having thus fully described my inventiony what I claim 1s z- 1. In aninternal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylindershaving a head portion formed with a chamber provided with ports openingdirectly into the upper ends of all of said cylinders, said chamberextending from side to side of said bead portion and having an inletopening midway of its length. valves for said ports, and means forsupplying combustible fluid to said chamber through said inlet opening.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a series ofcylinders, a head portion extending across the upper ends of all of saidcylinders and formed with a sup-v ply chamber having ports openingdirectly into the upper ends of all ofsaid cylinders, said chamber beingcontinuous from one end cylinder of the series to the other endcylinder'and extending from side to side of theI head portion with aninlet opening near one side intermediate its ends, valves controllingthe several ports, and means for supplying combustible fuel to saidchamber through said inlet openinO.

3. In an internal combustion engine. the combination of a plurality ofcylinders having inlet and exhaust ports and a chamber into which all ofsaid inlet ports directly open, an exhaust passage being provided forcertain of said exhaust ports which passage extends across said chamberand is snrrounded thereby to permit a free circulation of combustibleHuid in said chamber around said passage to all of said inlet ports,valves for closing the ports, and means for supplying combustible fluid-to said chamber.

4, In an internal combustion engine` the combination of a plurality ofcylinders, a head for said cylinders formed with an inlet chamber havingan inlet port for each cylin der opening directly therefrom and formedwith an exhaust passage extending across and surrounded by said chamber,said chamber being also provided with an inlet opening intermediate itsends opposite one side of said exhaust passage which extends across thechamber, valves for said ports, and means for supplying combustiblefluid to the inlet chamber through said inlet opening.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder. ofa head for said cylinder formed with an inlet and an exhaust port,Valves controlling said ports, upwardly extending stems on the valvesextending through be-arings in'said head, a casing spaced from said headand forming a cam shaft chamber intowhich the valve stems extend acrosssaid space, and a cam shaft in said casing provided with cams to operatethe valves.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a plurality ofcylinders, of a common head for said cylinders formed with inlet andexhaust ports in the plane of the vertical axes of the several cylindersand passages leading to and from said ports, valves for said ports,stems on the valves extendingthrough bearings in said head, a

casing spaced from said head and forming `a cam shaft chamber into whichthe valve head for said cylinders formed with an inlet and an exhaustportfor each cylinder 1n the plane of the vertical der, said plane beingcommon to all of said cylinders, valves for the ports, stems on thefalves extending upwardly through -the head, a casing above the head forholding oil and into which the stems extend, a cam shaftv 1n said casingextending` horizontally in the vertical plane of the cylinders andprovided with cams for`operating the several stems, and means forrotating the cam shaft in timed relation to the movements of thepistons.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder anda piston in said cylinder, of valves in the upper end of said cylinderhaving upwardly extending stems. a. casing extending across the severalcylinders and spaced therefrom and into which the stems extend adjustingmeans for each stem within the space between said cylinder and casing,and

means within the casing for operating the stems in timed relation to themovement of the piston. y

5l. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a. cylinderand a piston in said cylinder. of valves in the upper end of axis ofsaid cylinacross said space,v

said cylinder having upwardly extending stems, a cam shaft casingadapted to contain oil and into which the upper ends of the valve stemsextend, a camv shaft in said casing having cams to engage the valvestems, and means in the bottom of the casing around each stem tofrictionally engage the stem and remove the oil therefrom vas the stemsare reciprocated, whereby the escape of oil from the chamber around thevalve stems is prevented.

l0. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a pluralityof cylinders and pistons in said cylinders. of valves in the upper endsof said cylinders havingl upwardly extending stems, a cam shaft casingextending across the several cylinders and spaced therefrom and intowhich the stems extend across said space, said casing bclng adapted tocontain oil, a. cam slaft in said casing having cams to engage thestems, and means in the-bottom of said casing surroum'ling each stem infrictional engagement therewith to remove thel oil from the stems upondownward movement thereof, said easing being chan'ibered around' eachstem to receive. said means.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderand a piston in said cylinder, of valves for controlling inlet andexhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, said valves having upwardlyextending stems, a cam shaft casing in the vertical plane of thecylinder and provided with bearings at its upper and lowersides for saidvalve stems, a cam shaft in said casing. a yoke for each valvestemembracing the cam shaft, 'and cams on the cam shaft within the yokes toengage the same and opcrate the valve stems in both directions.

12.. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a pluralityof vertically disposed cylinders and pistons in said cylinders, of aplurality of valves for controlling the inlet to and exhaust from saidcylinders, saidl valves being positioned in the vertical plane of theaxes of the several cylinders, stems on the valves extending vertically'with an inlet and relation to the through the, upper ends ofthecylinders, a am shaft chamber extending across the upper ends of theseveral cylinders with the said stems projecting into said chamber, acam shaft in said chamber provided with cams for operating the stems,and a yoke for each stem within the chamber embracing theI cam shaft tobe moved in two directions by the engagement therewith of said cams,said yokes being guidedyertically iu the upper and lower part of saidchamber.

13. In an internal combustion engine., thel combination with a pluralityof vertically disposed cylinders and pistons in said cylinders. of ahead for saidvcylinders provided an exhaustl port for each cylinder. andpassages leading from said ports, all of the inlet ports openingdirectly into a common passage, valves vfor closing said ports. ingvertically through he heada chamber carried by the head into which thevalve stems extend, a yoke, on each valve stem guided in bearings inthe, upper and lower part of the chamber. means for preventing therotation of the yokes, a cam shaft having ams mounted in the bearings inthe casing .and extending longitiulinally thereof, rolls on the yokes tobe engaged by the cams.

one. of said rolls for each cam being yield! iugly held in'contact withsaid cams, and means for rotating the cam shaft in timed movements ofthe several pistons.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

Imwis ll. ItLANnnas, A NNa M. Donn.

'alve "tems for the valves extend` tov

